Arugula, also known as rocket, is a nutrient-rich leafy green that is popular in salads, sandwiches, and various dishes. It’s packed with vitamins A, C, K, calcium, and iron, making it a favorite among health-conscious eaters.
Best Planting Times
| Planting Method | Activity | Recommended Dates |
|---|---|---|
| Outdoor Planting | Direct Sowing | March 15 – June 30 |
| Succession Planting | Every 2-3 weeks during spring and early summer | |
| Greenhouse Planting | Year-round | Adjust planting based on temperature control in the greenhouse |
Planting Conditions
The mild climate in California creates ideal conditions for arugula growth. With USDA Hardiness Zones ranging from 5 to 10, understanding local weather patterns can enhance your planting strategy.
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Useful Tools for Starting Arugula Indoors
Utilizing the right gardening tools streamlines the planting process and increases success rates.
Seeds
Investing in high-quality seeds is crucial for strong germination and vibrant growth. The most commonly grown variety is the Astro type, which offers a robust, nutty flavor and is ideal for continuous harvest.
For garden enthusiasts interested in perennials, consider wild rocket varieties that return year after year with a spicier profile.
You can find Astro Arugula Seeds on Amazon here: https://amzn.to/4gTTIgT
Planting Trays
Organizing seedlings in trays is vital for healthy growth prior to transplantation. This method enhances efficiency and fosters strong plants. 
Find Planting Trays on Amazon
Grow Lights
Grow lights are essential for plants lacking sufficient natural sunlight. They offer the necessary illumination for healthy seedlings. 
Check out Grow Lights on Amazon
Seed Starting Soil
Light and fine soil designed for seedlings aids in quick root establishment. Using the right soil promotes healthy growth right from the start.
Get Seed Starting Soil on Amazon
Average First Frost Dates for California’s Major Cities
To achieve optimal arugula flavor and yield, plant outdoors roughly 2-4 weeks before the average first frost date in early winter.
| City | Average First Frost Date |
|---|---|
| Los Angeles | December 15 |
| San Francisco | December 5 |
| San Diego | December 20 |
| Fresno | November 25 |
| Sacramento | November 30 |
Disclaimer: Frost dates are average estimates; actual conditions may vary. Always monitor local forecasts and adjust planting accordingly.
Greenhouse Growing
In warmer regions, a greenhouse provides a controlled environment, shielding arugula from extreme heat and direct sunlight. This allows for year-round cultivation and consistent temperature management, which is particularly advantageous during summer months. Greenhouses effectively extend the growing season, allowing for continuous harvests.
This 10×12 FT Greenhouse from HOWE is available on Amazon for $999.00 right now.
Check the latest price on Amazon.
Fertilizer
Enhancing soil with quality fertilizer is crucial for thriving arugula. Ample nutrients support robust growth and a bountiful harvest.
Check out Fertilizer on Amazon
Other planting guides for California:
Broccoli Planting in California
Tomatoes Planting in California
Any questions on growing arugula? Visit our forum to discuss: Growing Arugula.
General Care and Maintenance
Watering
- Ensure consistent watering to keep the soil moist, especially in dry seasons.
- Water at the base to limit leaf wetness, which helps prevent diseases.
Fertilizing
- Apply a balanced fertilizer at planting and again when young leaves appear. Incorporating compost enriches the soil.
Pest and Disease Management
- Watch for pests like aphids and flea beetles. Prompt action is vital in warm climates.
- Utilize organic and integrated pest management methods for healthy plants.
Harvesting
- Harvest leaves when they reach 3-6 inches. Regular picking promotes further growth and extends harvest time.
In my experience, planting arugula in both spring and fall yields excellent results, as it favors cooler temperatures. If starting from seeds is not feasible, look for young plants at local nurseries.
Harvest when leaves are at least 2-3 inches long, and remember to check for pests like aphids regularly. With diligent care, growing arugula can enhance your meals and offer a rewarding gardening experience.
Starting Arugula Indoors
In California, begin indoor arugula seed starting in early February to March. This timeline ensures healthy seedlings ready for outdoor transplantation starting from mid-March to early April when the temperatures are milder.
Transplanting Arugula Seedlings
Transplant arugula seedlings outdoors from mid-March to early April, making sure the soil temperature is consistently above 45°F. Space the seedlings 6-12 inches apart in rows with at least 12 inches between rows for optimal growth.
General Care and Maintenance
Watering
- Provide consistent and moderate watering to keep the soil slightly moist. California’s varying climates dictate the need for regular watering to prevent soil from completely drying out.
- Water at the base of plants to minimize leaf wetness, which can help reduce the risk of fungal diseases.
Fertilizing
- Apply a nitrogen-rich fertilizer during planting to promote healthy leaf development. Mixing in compost can enhance soil fertility prior to planting.
Pest and Disease Management
- Monitor regularly for pests like aphids, flea beetles, and slugs. In California, proactive pest management is crucial due to the warm and mild weather.
- Implement organic or integrated pest management methods to safeguard arugula plants while minimizing chemical usage.
Harvesting
- Harvest arugula leaves when they reach a desirable size, typically around 4-6 inches long. Regular harvesting can encourage new growth and ensure fresh leaves throughout the season.
The importance of good soil
Before starting to grow it is important to take a step back and find the condition of the soil in your garden, The optimal soil is a blend that includes the mineral-rich dirt along with organic-rich organic matter that plants need to thrive.
In my garden I try to compost as much as possible, so I can mix in the nutrient-rich compost in my soil. I use both hot composting of food scraps and cold composting of all organic garden “waste”..
If you don’t have the time or space for composting, it is possible to get compost ready to use in garden centers and Community Composting.
You can read more on Community Composting here: https://www.epa.gov/sustainable-management-food/community-composting
If you are uncertain of the quality of your soil, you can get easy to use soil tests at amazon for 17 dollars. Check latest prices here: Soil testing kit.
Also remember to check out how much sunlight your growing area gets, and that the rain drains well. If you treat your soil well and plan your crops according to your climate you will succeed with any plant you want.
What are the best months to plant arugula in California?
In most regions, the best months to plant arugula are early spring (March through April) and late summer to early fall (August through September). This timing allows you to take advantage of the cooler weather conditions arugula prefers.
How does California’s climate affect arugula planting dates?
California’s diverse climate zones from coastal to inland areas can affect planting dates. Coastal areas with milder climates may have longer growing periods, while inland areas may require more attention to specific planting windows and protection from extreme heat.
Can I plant arugula year-round in some parts of California?
Yes, in areas with mild winters, such as coastal regions, it may be possible to grow arugula year-round by planning successive plantings and using frost protection techniques as needed.
Should I start arugula indoors or directly in the garden?
Arugula can be sown directly in the garden since it is a fast-growing crop. However, starting seeds indoors and then transplanting them can be useful if you’re looking to get an early start in cooler parts of the state.
How often should I harvest arugula to ensure continuous growth?
Arugula can be harvested once the leaves are large enough to eat, which is usually about 30 days after planting. Regularly harvesting the outer leaves will encourage continuous growth and help prevent the plant from bolting too quickly.
I'm passionate about cultivating greens in all forms: from kitchen garden to fruit and berry trees. I am also enthusiastic
about creating high-quality soil by utilizing household compost. View Author page
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