Red tomatoes

Best Planting Times for Tomatoes in Iowa

Planting MethodActivityRecommended Dates
Outdoor PlantingIndoor Seed StartingMarch 15 – April 15
Transplant OutdoorsMay 15 – June 1
Greenhouse PlantingYear-roundAdjust planting based on temperature control in the greenhouse

Planting Conditions in Iowa

Iowa has a humid continental climate, with cold winters and warm, humid summers. The state is in USDA Hardiness Zones 4b to 5b, which means a relatively short growing season for tomatoes.

Sun Requirements

Tomatoes require full sun, needing at least 6-8 hours of direct sunlight daily. Iowa’s summer days provide ample sunlight, essential for healthy tomato growth.

Starting Tomatoes Indoors

In areas like Des Moines (Zone 5a), start tomato seeds indoors from March 15 to April 15. This timing ensures seedlings are ready for transplanting outdoors from mid-May to early June, after the last frost.

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Useful Tools for Starting Tomatoes Indoors

Using the right tools can save you time and increase your success rate.

Seeds

Quality seeds lead to better germination and healthier plants. Starting with high-quality seeds gives your tomatoes the best chance to thrive from the very beginning.
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Browse Tomato Seeds on Amazon

Planting Trays

Planting trays help you organize your seedlings and ensure they have enough space to grow before you transplant them outdoors. This makes the process more efficient and increases the chances of strong, healthy plants.
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Grow Lights

Grow lights are essential if you don’t have enough natural sunlight. They provide your seedlings with the light they need to grow strong and healthy, even in less-than-ideal conditions.
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Seed Starting Soil

Using light, fine soil specifically designed for seed starting helps young roots establish quickly and promotes healthy growth. It’s an easy way to give your seedlings the best start possible.
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Greenhouse Growing

In Iowa, where the growing season can be shorter due to colder temperatures, a greenhouse is essential for extending the growing season. It allows you to start your tomato plants earlier in the spring and continue growing them later into the fall. With heating, you can even protect your plants from frost and potentially grow tomatoes year-round.

Currently, the 8x10x7.5 FT Greenhouse is priced at $999. It’s a great investment for ensuring your tomatoes thrive all year round.
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Check the latest price on Amazon.

Fertilizer

Fertilizer is essential to provide your tomato plants with the nutrients they need for strong growth and a bountiful harvest.
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Explore Fertilizer on Amazon

Other planting guides for Iowa:

Any questions on growing tomatoes? Visit our forum to discuss: Growing Tomatoes

Transplanting Tomato Seedlings

Transplant seedlings outdoors from May 15 to June 1, once soil temperatures are consistently above 50°F. Space seedlings 24-36 inches apart in rows that are at least 36 inches apart to promote good air circulation and sunlight exposure.

General Care and Maintenance

Watering:

  • Water consistently to maintain evenly moist soil. Iowa’s summer heat can dry out the soil quickly, so regular watering is important.
  • Water at the base of the plants to prevent wetting the foliage, which helps reduce the risk of fungal diseases.

Fertilizing:

  • Apply a balanced fertilizer at planting and again when the first fruits start to form. Incorporating compost into the soil before planting improves fertility and soil structure.

Pest and Disease Management:

  • Monitor for common pests like aphids, cutworms, and tomato hornworms.
  • Use organic or integrated pest management strategies to control pests and prevent disease.

Harvesting Tomatoes:

  • Harvest tomatoes when they are fully colored and firm. Frequent harvesting during peak summer helps prevent overripening and ensures the best quality fruit.
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